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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4465

Cryoelectron microscopy allows examination of hydrated, unfixed, and unstained specimens in the TEM by maintaining them at -196oC (liquid nitrogen).


#Unit 13. Methods in Biology #Electron Microscopy #Part B Pointers
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TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10413

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Angiogenesis
The developmental process for the formation of blood vessels that are needed to supply nutrients to a growing tumor
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10414

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Growth factors that stimulate angiogenesis:
Basic fibroblast growth factor, TGF-α, and VEGF
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10415

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) induces transcription of the VEGF gene
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10416

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Prolyl hydroxylase 
active at normal O2 levels, Hydroxylation of HIF-1 causes ubiquitinylation and degradation
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10417

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Metastasis
Spread of cancer cells from their site of origin and establishment of areas of secondary growth
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10418

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Metastasis
cancer cells have acquired the ability to penetrate basement membranes using a cell protrusion called an invadopodium