Interactions are classified by how they affect the fitnesses of the two individuals.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1220

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

When extracellular Ca2+ is decreased decreased Ca2+ binding to the receptor stimulates PTH secretion

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1221

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The receptor for PTH is coupled, via a Gs protein, to adenylyl cyclase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1222

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

In bone, PTH receptors are located on osteoblasts but not on osteoclasts.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1223

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

PTH stimulates osteoclast activity and bone resorption by maturation of osteoclast cells.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1224

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Two osteoblast proteins responsible for osteoclast maturation: 

1. Receptor activator for nuclear factor κ-B ligand  

2. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1225

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Osteoblasts also produce osteoprotegerin, a cytokine that inhibits bone resorption. ate osteoclast activity and bone resorption.