Sperm microtubules contacts the cortical cytoplasm and initiates cytoplasmic movements that push the male pronucleus to the nearest end of the oblong oocyte.

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Antagonists of Wnt:

Secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp)

Wnt inhibitory factor (Wif)

Dickkopf (Dkk) family

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#Id: 9986

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Non-canonical Wnt signaling is initiated by the 

Wnt5a type (Wnt4, Wnt5a, Wnt5b, Wnt6, Wnt7a, and Wnt11).

 

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#Id: 9987

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Wnt ligands are recognized by Frizzled/retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)/receptor tyrosine kinase (RYK) receptor complexes

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#Id: 9988

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Frizzled paired with Ror and Ror receptor complex phosphorylates Disheveled

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#Id: 9989

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Disheveled stimulate activation of the small GTPases Rho and Rac, leading to cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell motility. 

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#Id: 9990

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Rho GTPases are the “master builders” of the cell because they can activate an array of kinases and cytoskeletal binding proteins that remodel cytoskeletal elements to alter cell shape and movement