In an unperturbed embryo, both ABa and ABp contact the EMS blastomere, but only ABp contacts the P2 cell.

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#Id: 2123

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Pericentric inversion Chromosome inversion that includes the centromere in the inverted region.

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#Id: 6149

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Ku70, Ku80, DNA-PKcs, Artemis, XRCC4, Cernunnos-XLF, and DNA ligase IV. Ku70 and Ku80 are the most fundamental components of NHEJ. 

They constitute a heterodimer that binds to the DNA ends and recruits DNA-PKcs, which is a protein kinase. DNA-PKcs, in turn, forms a complex with Artemis. Artemis is both a 5’-to-3’ exonuclease and a latent endonuclease that is activated by phosphorylation by DNA-PKcs. 

These nucleolytic activities process the broken ends and prepare them for ligation. Ligase IV performs ligation in a complex with XRCC4 and Cernunnos-XLF.

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#Id: 5342

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Agents that decrease contractility have a Negative inotropic effect.

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#Id: 9334

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

An evolutionarily conserved family of signaling molecules, TGF-β superfamily includes: 

TGF-β family, Nodal and activin families, BMPs, Vg1 family, GDNF, AMH

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#Id: 8861

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization