There are two types of probability distribution which are used for different purposes and various types of the data generation process.

a. Normal or Cumulative Probability Distribution

b. Binomial or Discrete Probability Distribution

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4016

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

The nuclear matrix and chromosome scaffold consist of different proteins, although there are some common components. Topoisomerase II is a prominent component of the chromosome scaffold, and is a constituent of the nuclear matrix, suggesting that the control of topology is important in both cases.

SATB1, is a protein that appears to regulate the association of MARs with the matrix in order to regulate transcription of genes in the vicinity of the MAR.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4017

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Chromosomes occupy chromosome territories in the nucleus and are not entangled with each other.

Heterochromatic regions, silenced genes, and gene-sparse regions of chromosomes are typically localized to the nuclear periphery.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4020

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Local genome alteration, termed kataegis involves activation-induced deaminase (AID)

Chromothripsis entire chromosomes or large parts thereof are shattered (thripsis in Greek means “shattering”) and stitched together again in what appears to be a random manner, leading to dozens or sometimes even hundreds of rearrangements.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4021

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Active genes are often found at the borders of chromosome territories, and active genes from several chromosomes may cluster in inter-chromosomal territories that are enriched in transcription machinery.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4023

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In most regions, the fibers are much less densely packed than in the mitotic chromosome. This material is called euchromatin. It has a relatively dispersed appearance in the nucleus and occupies most of the nuclear region.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4024

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Some regions of chromatin are very densely packed with fibers, displaying a condition comparable to that of the chromosome at mitosis. This material is called heterochromatin.