Number of gene per genome also shows paradoxical character.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3603

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

All the codons will be formed with equal frequency if the ratio of A:T:G:C is 1:1:1:1 concentration in the cell.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3604

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The translation machinery is composed of four primary components: mRNAs, tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and the ribosome.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3605

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

There are two major steps to start translation

1. Activation of amino acids,

2. Assembly of ribosomes.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3607

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The tRNAs provide the physical interface between the amino acids being added to the growing polypeptide chain and the codons in the mRNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3608

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases couple amino acids to specific tRNAs that recognize the appropriate codon(s).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3609

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The ribosome coordinates the correct recognition of the mRNA by each tRNA and catalyzes peptide-bond formation between the growing polypeptide chain and the amino acid attached to the selected tRNA.