Erwin Chargaff gave four “rules,” known as parity rule for duplex DNA.

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#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

SEP proteins act as cofactors that provide flower-specific activity to the ABC genes by making complexes of their products.

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Allolactose binds to the Lac repressor and triggers a change in the shape (conformation) of that protein. 

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#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Chromothripsis

entire chromosomes or large parts of chromosomes are shattered and stitched together, leading to dozens or sometimes even hundreds of rearrangements

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The group I and group II introns have the remarkable ability to excise themselves from an RNA. This is called autosplicing, or self splicing. 

Group I introns are more common than group II introns.

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#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Adenine and guanine are also subject to spontaneous deamination. Deamination converts adenine to hypoxanthine, which hydrogen-bonds to cytosine rather than to thymine; guanine is converted to xanthine,

which continues to pair with cytosine, although with only two hydrogen bonds.