Assume in addition that the pumps in the thick ascending limb can pump 100 mOsm/kg of Na+ & Cl– from the tubular fluid to the interstitium, increasing interstitial osmolality to 400 mOsm/kg of H2O 

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#Id: 6844

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

HERITABILITY BY PARENT–OFFSPRING REGRESSION When genetic differences are responsible for phenotypic variance, offspring should resemble their parents more than they resemble unrelated individuals.

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#Id: 6845

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Limitations of heritability

Heritability does not indicate the degree to which a characteristic is genetically determined. 

An individual does not have heritability. 

There is no universal heritability for a characteristic. 

Even when heritability is high, environmental factors can influence a characteristic. 

Heritabilities indicate nothing about the nature of population differences in a characteristic.

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#Id: 2083

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Chromosomes are classified into four basic

a. Metacentric chromosome

b. Submetacentric chromosome

c. Acrocentric chromosome

d. Telocentric chromosome

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#Id: 2084

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Chromosome mutation- Difference from the wild type in the number or structure.

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#Id: 2085

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Chromosome Mutations

a. Chromosome rearrangements

b. Aneuploidy

c. Polyploidy

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#Id: 2086

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

G bands- staining via Giemsa dye, distinguish areas of DNA that are rich in adenine-thymine (A–T) base pairs.