When polymerase binding causes transition to the open complex and initiates transcription. This gives a low level of constitutive expression called the basal level. 

Binding of RNA polymerase is the rate-limiting step in this case.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9895

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9896

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9897

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

C-type lectin receptor (CLR)

CLRs are plasma membrane receptors and generally recognize carbohydrate components of fungi, mycobacteria, viruses, parasites, and some allergens.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9898

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors (RLRs) are soluble PRRs that reside in the cytosol of many cell types.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9899

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The three known RLRs (RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2) are CARD-containing RNA helicases that recognize viral RNAs, usually from RNA viruses such as influenza, measles, and West Nile.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9900

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Nod-like receptors

The NLRs are a large family of cytosolic proteins activated by intracellular PAMPs