Since the hydrogen donor (N, O, or F) is strongly electronegative, it pulls the covalently bonded electron pair closer to its nucleus, and away from the hydrogen atom.

The hydrogen atom is then left with a partial positive charge, creating a dipole-dipole attraction between the hydrogen atom bonded to the donor and the lone electron pair of the acceptor. This results in a hydrogen bond.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8059

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Glycine: Most conserved, G12 Ras, RGD, FG, 

Glutamine: NPQ, CAG repeat

GlutamatE: Neurotransmitter, VGLUT, Calmodulin, Nitrogen Assimilation

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8060

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Histidine: Two component signalling, C2H2 zinc finger, Hemoglobin, His6-NiNTA column.

Isoleucine: AATS proofreading, RTK

Leucine: Toll like receptors, LRR, 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8061

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Lysine: Histones modification, Ubiquitin, Rubisco, pyrrolysine -UAG

Methionine: N-formylmethionine, S-adenosylmethionine, ethylene, Succinyl-CoA

Phenylalanine- F506, Chymotrypsin, phenylalanine hydroxylase

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#Id: 8062

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Proline- helix, secondary structure, dihedral angles, stress, GRB2, collagen

Serine- O-linked oligosaccharides, Chymotrypsin, ATM ATR Kinases, Akt/PKB, Aurora kinases, TGF, PS, β-catenin, FOXO3a

Threonine- chiral centres, same as serine, T14

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8063

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Tryptophan- Serotonin, auxin, operon, absorbance, indole ring, single codon

Tyrosine- RTK, PTB, Y15, Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, ITAM

Valine- Elastase, ValRS

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8071

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Phosphorylation is the most common type of regulatory modification.