Types of retinal ganglion cells:

large ganglion cells (magno, or M cells)

small ganglion cells (parvo, or P cells)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7133

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7134

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Brassinosteroids are synthesized from the plant sterol campesterol, which is similar in structure to cholesterol. Members of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) enzyme family that are associated with the ER catalyze most of the reactions in the brassinosteroid biosynthesis pathway.

Mevalonic acid serves as a precursor of the triterpenoid pathway and is condensed and transformed to 2,3-oxidosqualene which further undergoes modification to form major plant sterols like sitosterols and campesterols.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7135

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7136

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7137

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

BR biosynthetic pathway is a triterpenoid pathway. ls.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7138

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

They regulate multiple physiological functions including seed germination, cell elongation, cell division, senescence, vascular-differentiation, reproduction, root development, photomorphogenesis, and also respond to various biotic and abiotic stresses.

BR-deficient mutants exhibits extreme dwarfism, altered leaf morphology, abnormal vascular development, delayed flowering and senescence, and reduced male fertility.