Auditory hair cells in the Organ of Corti are the sites of auditory transduction

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9728

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Laticifers are made of individual cells and can occur either as articulated systems (single cells connected by a small tube) or non-articulated systems (one large syncytial cell).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9729

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Latex are resin terpenoids produced by laticifers is released upon damage and often contains cardiac glycosides which fend off herbivores.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9730

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Conifer resin ducts produces bicyclic monoterpenes such as a-pinene and b-pinene, monocyclic terpenes like limonene and terpinolene, and tricyclic sesquiterpenes, including longifolene, caryophyllene, and d-cadinene, as well as resin acids, which are released immediately upon damage by herbivores

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9731

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The specialist caterpillars of the monarch butterfly

(Danaus plexippus) are insensitive to the terpenoid toxins. They feed on milkweed leaves and retain the cardenolides. As a result, most insectivorous birds quickly learn to avoid eating monarch caterpillars and adult monarch butterflies.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9732

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

One plant produced sesquiterpene, (E)‐β‐farnesene (EBF), has been considered a potential defense against aphids, since its emission by plants causes aphids to drop off the plant or depart from the feeding site. 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9733

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

For many aphids, EBF is the principal constituent of the aphid alarm pheromone, and the constitutive production of EBF by plants could hold promise in the control of specific aphid pests