Diversity within species 

450-700 (mycoplasma)

4000 in bacteria (eg. Escherichia coli)

13,000 in Fruit-fly (Drosophila melanogaster)

32,000 – 50,000 in rice (Oryza sativa)

35,000 to 45,000 in human beings (Homo sapiens sapiens). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10500

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Genes involved in controlling cell death encode proteins: 1. Killer or initiation proteins 

1. Killer or initiation proteins 

2. Destruction proteins 

3. Engulfment proteins

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10495

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Apoptosis 

genetically regulated process

Cell destroys itself (programmed cell death)

marked by the breakdown of cell components

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6969

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Aneuploidy

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10101

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The key CAMs in desmosomes are the desmosomal cadherins, desmoglein and desmocollin

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2446

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

One consequence of the rotation of DNA is illustrated In the two-domain model for transcription, as RNA polymerase moves with respect to the double helix, it generates positive supercoils (more tightly wound DNA) ahead of it and leaves negative supercoils (partially unwound DNA) behind it. For each helical turn traversed by RNA polymerase, + 1 turn is generated ahead and -1 turn behind.