An additional DNA element that binds RNA polymerase is found in some strong promoters, for example, those directing expression of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. This is called an UP-element and increases polymerase binding by providing an additional specific interaction between the enzyme and the DNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4607

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

(CFSE) or carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFDASE) is nontoxic to cells hence retained till many cycles

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4608

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

CFSE labeling amount of fluorescence emitted is cut in half each time the cell divides.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4609

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The 51Cr Release Assay is used to measure Cell death not apoptosis

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4610

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Normal cells treated with sodium chromate allowed to absorb and induced to death signals as T-CTLs Death of the target cells is indicated by the release of 51Cr into the supernatant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4611

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

FITC binds to Annexin V to phosphatidyl serine which are found on apoptotic cells, analyzed by FACS

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 4612

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The TUNEL Assay measures Apoptotically Generated DNA Fragmentation.