Dosage compensation

Equalization in males and females of the amount of protein produced by X-linked genes.

Each female cell one of the two X chromosome becomes inactive. Which X chromosome is inactivated is random.

The Xist (X inactive specific transcript) gene located on the X chromosome, in required for inactivation. 

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

COMPONENTS OF GENETIC VARIANCE

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Broad-sense heritability

H2 = VG/VP

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Broad-sense heritability range from 0 to 1.

0 =all of the phenotypic variance results from environmental variation.

1 =all of the phenotypic variance results from differences in genotype.

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Polygenic Inheritance - Multiple gene one function 

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#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

Pleiotropism single gene controls more than one phenotypic effect