A Lod score of 3 represents a Recombination Frequency (RF) that is 

3 times as likely as the hypothesis of no linkage. 

30 times as likely as the hypothesis of no linkage. 

100 times as likely as the hypothesis of no linkage. 

I000 times as likely as the hypothesis of no linkage.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10524

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

During apoptosis, caspase-3 cleaves both ATP11A and

ATP11C, inactivating them

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5950

#Unit 10. Ecological Principles

Trophic-level transfer efficiency is low for the two reasons

a- Many organisms cannot digest all their prey.  

b- Much of the energy assimilated by animals is used in maintenance.

c- The dead organisms and feces become dinner for decomposers.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1363

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

JAK kinases become activated after ligand binding and receptor dimerization.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9175

#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior

Amount of change in allelic frequency due to migration

m= proportional of migratory individual in  recipient population

qI – frequency of allele in source population  

qII – frequency of allele in recipient population

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2321

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Splice sites are directional in nature. 5’ splice site -the left, or donor, site and the 3’ splice site - right, or acceptor, site.