A significant difference between the transcription of eukaryotic and prokaryotic RNAs is that in bacteria, transcription takes place on  RNA polymerase III synthesizes small RNAs in the nucleoplasm

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9458

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

JAK kinases become activated after ligand binding and

receptor dimerization

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9459

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Ligand binding triggers a conformational change in the JAKs & they phosphorylate each other on a critical tyrosine in the activation loop which greatly enhances kinase activity

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9461

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Active JAK kinase phosphorylates several tyrosine residues in the receptor’s cytosolic domain and activates a STAT transcription factor that moves directly to the nucleus

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9462

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

All STAT proteins contain: 

an N-terminal DNA-binding domain

an SH2 domain

a C-terminal domain with a critical tyrosine residue

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9463

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

SH2 domain (Src homology 2 domain) 

homology with a region in the Src cytosolic tyrosine kinase encoded by the src gene.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9464

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The SH2 domain binds strongly to short target peptides containing a critical four-residue core sequence:: 

phosphotyrosine–glutamic acid–glutamic acid–isoleucine