T-independent response

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 333

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate binds to its allosteric site on PFK-1, it increases the enzyme’s affinity for its substrate fructose 6-phosphate and reduces its affinity for the allosteric inhibitors ATP and citrate

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 335

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Glucagon lowers the cellular level of fructose 2,6 bisphosphate, inhibiting glycolysis and stimulating gluconeogenesis.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 342

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Accumulation of alanine, which can be synthesized from pyruvate in one step, allosterically inhibits pyruvate kinase, slowing the production of pyruvate by glycolysis

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 344

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The liver PK isozyme (L form) is regulated by glucagon

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 346

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Pyruvate Carboxylase

a mitochondrial enzyme that requires the coenzyme biotin, converts the pyruvate to oxaloacetate

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 349

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The oxaloacetate is converted to PEP by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. This Mg2+ dependent reaction requires GTP as the phosphoryl group donor.