Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a common bacterial storage polymer, and these readily biodegradable polymers have many of the desirable properties of xenobiotic plastics.

A PHA copolymer containing equal amounts of poly-β-hydroxybutryate(PHB) and poly-β-hydroxyvalerate(PHV).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3253

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

 transfer of four protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space is an endergonic process

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3255

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Complex I is therefore a proton pump

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3256

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Pumping of proton is driven by the the energy transfer of electron, and the reaction it catalyzes is vectorial

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3260

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

 vertical movement of proton from IMS to matrix is an energy driven process which is compensate by movement of electron within the membrane

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3262

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Amytal (a barbiturate drug), rotenone (a plant product commonly used as an insecticide), and piericidin A (an antibiotic) inhibit electron flow from the Fe-S centers of Complex I to ubiquinone

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3265

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Protein components of the mitochondrial electron-transfer chain