TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7359


Amount of change in allelic frequency due to migration

m= proportional of migratory individual in  recipient population

qI – frequency of allele in source population  

qII – frequency of allele in recipient population


#Unit 11. Evolution and Behavior #The Mechanisms #Part B Pointers
More Pointers
TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2472

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Three basically different electrophoretic separation methods are performed in practice nowadays


 Electrophoresis, sometimes called Zone Electrophoresis (ZE) GE


 Isotachophoresis (ITP) SDS PAGE


Isoelectric focusing (IEF).


TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2473

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In ZE a homogeneous buffer system is used over the whole separation time and range so as to ensure a constant pH value.


TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2474

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In ITP, the separation is carried out in a discontinuous buffer system. The ionized sample migrates between a leading electrolyte with a high mobility and a terminating – sometimes called trailing – ion with a low mobility, all of them migrating with the same speed.




TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2475

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

IEF takes place in a pH gradient and can only be used for amphoteric substances such as peptides and proteins. The charged molecules move toward the anode or the cathode until they reach a position in the pH gradient where their net charges are zero. This pH value is the “isoelectric point” (pI) of the substance.


TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2476

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Agarose is one of the components of agar, which is a mixture of polysaccharides isolated from certain seaweeds and usually used at concentrations of between 1% and 3% in labs. 


TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2477

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Agarose gels are formed  by suspending dry agarose in aqueous buffer, then boiling the mixture until a clear solution forms.