The majority of proteins located in mitochondria are not encoded by mtDNA, they are encoded by genes in the nucleus and are imported into the mitochondria after their synthesis in the cytosol.

TLS Online TPP Program

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#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

For each H+ pumped across, a negative ion (e.g., OH− or Cl−) will be “left behind” on the cytosolic face, causing a buildup of negatively charged ions there.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3324

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

These oppositely charged ions attract each other on opposite faces of the membrane, generating a charge separation, or electric potential, across the membrane.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3325

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The proton-motive force— drives the synthesis of ATP as protons flow passively back into the matrix through a proton pore in ATP synthase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3326

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Mitochondrial ATP synthase is an F-type ATPase and also called Complex V.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3327

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

ATP synthase has two components; F1, a peripheral membrane protein, and Fo, oligomycin sensitive

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3329

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

ATP synthase stabilizes ATP relative to ADP + Pi by binding ATP more tightly, releasing enough energy to counterbalance the cost of making ATP.