Negatively charged amino acids have four ionisations zones

1. 1--------pK1 – charge +1

2. pK1---------pKr charge 0

3. pKr---------pK2 charge -1

4. pK2---------14 charge -2

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10530

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

All members of the Bcl-2 family share a close homology in up to four characteristic regions, termed the Bcl-2 homology domains

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10531

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10532

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Pro-survival members-

Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bcl-w, Mcl-1, A1

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10533

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Pro-apoptotic members form channels in the mitochondrial outer membrane

Bax, Bak, Bok

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10534

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

BH3-only proteins: Regulate activity of Bcl-2 and Bax/Bak proteins

Bim, Puma, Noxa, Bik, Bmf, Bad, Hrk, Bid

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10535

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Neurotrophins:

NGF 

Brain derived neurotrophic factor 

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3)