When arabinose is present, AraC binds that sugar and adopts a configuration that allows it to bind DNA as a dimer to the adjacent half-sites, araI1 and araI2). 

Just upstream of these is a CAP site: in the absence of glucose, CAP binds here and helps activation.

In the absence of arabinose, the araBAD genes are not expressed. This is because when not bound to arabinose, AraC adopts a different conformation and binds DNA in a different way: one monomer still binds the araI1 site, but the other monomer binds a distant half-site called araO2.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8056

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Glu–Cys–Gly peptide in which the γ-carboxylate group of the glutamate side chain forms an isopeptide bond.

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#Id: 8057

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Cysteine, tryptophan, and methionine are not common amino acids: together, they constitute approximately 5 percent of the amino acids in a typical protein. Four amino acids—leucine, serine, lysine, and glutamic acid—are the most abundant amino acids, constituting 32 percent of all the residues in a typical protein.

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#Id: 8058

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Aspartate: P type ATPase and two component signalling.

Asparagine: N linked Glycosylation.

Cysteine- Fd-Trx system, PDI, G3PD, Hh, 

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#Id: 8059

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Glycine: Most conserved, G12 Ras, RGD, FG, 

Glutamine: NPQ, CAG repeat

GlutamatE: Neurotransmitter, VGLUT, Calmodulin, Nitrogen Assimilation

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8060

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Histidine: Two component signalling, C2H2 zinc finger, Hemoglobin, His6-NiNTA column.

Isoleucine: AATS proofreading, RTK

Leucine: Toll like receptors, LRR, 

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#Id: 8061

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Lysine: Histones modification, Ubiquitin, Rubisco, pyrrolysine -UAG

Methionine: N-formylmethionine, S-adenosylmethionine, ethylene, Succinyl-CoA

Phenylalanine- F506, Chymotrypsin, phenylalanine hydroxylase