Lack of environmental constraints hypothesis suggests preadaptation of some invaders to existing environmental conditions.

With few limitations to many abiotic environments, these invaders can grow quickly and outcompete native species

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7140

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Active brassinosteroids are also regulated by brassinosteroid-dependent negative feedback mechanisms attenuation which is brought about by the downregulation of brassinosteroid biosynthetic genes and the upregulation of genes involved in brassinosteroid catabolism.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7141

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7142

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7143

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7144

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7145

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Brassinolide binding to the brassinosteroid receptor kinase

BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1) on the plasma membrane triggers a phosphorylation cascade that causes a repressor protein, BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2

(BIN2), to become inactivated. This results in activation of the transcription factors BRI1-EMS SUPPRESSOR1 (BES1) and BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 (BZR1) and subsequent gene expression