Knl1 eliminating checkpoint protein binding sites at kinetochores. p31comet disassembles the MCC, allowing APC/Ccdc20 to degrade mitotic cyclins and securin to trigger anaphase.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9279

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The binding of Nod factors to the Nod factor receptors (NFRs), which contain extracellular LysM motifs, initiates an interaction with the conserved SYMRK receptor-like kinases containing a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9280

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9281

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Root hair cellular responses to bacterial Nod factor

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9282

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Plant genes expressed early, or in the absence of bacterial infection, are termed “early nodulins” or ENOD

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9283

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Three factors are important in maintaining low O2 concentrations in nodules. 

First, entry of O2 into the nodule is controlled by a variable‐permeability barrier in the nodule parenchyma

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9284

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

O2‐binding plant protein Lb plays an active role in regulating and delivering O2 in the infected cells

Bacterial respiration is the major O2 sink