Heterotrimeric G proteins directly bind to and are activated by G protein coupled receptors.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7747

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Size of atom or atomic radii can be estimated by effective nuclear charge

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9636

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Activated RTKs and cytokine receptors to activate Ras, by two cytosolic proteins — GRB2 and Sos

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8474

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

β Sheets in proteins contain 2 to as many as 22 polypeptide strands, with an average of 6 strands. 

Each strand may contain up to 15 residues, the average being 6 residues.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6756

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Method for determining mRNA half-lives.

RNA polymerase II transcription is shut down, either by a drug or a temperature shift in strains with a temperature sensitive mutation in a Pol II gene. The levels of specific mRNAs are determined by northern blot or RT-PCR at various times following shutdown.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1396

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

All small GTPases of the Ras superfamily, Cdc42, Rac, and Rho act as molecular switches, inactive in the GDP-bound state and active in the GTP-bound state.