Genetic bottleneck

Genetic drift arises is through a genetic bottleneck, which develops when a population undergoes a drastic reduction in size

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10022

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Dissociation of cytosolic complex leads to the stabilization of the full-length Ci, which moves into the

nucleus, displaces the repressor Ci75 from the promoter of target genes, and induces expression of target genes.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10023

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

NF-κB 

heterodimeric transcription factor, composed of p50 and p65 subunits

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10024

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

NF-κB pathway is activated by:

components of bacterial or fungal cell walls or segments of bacterial DNA bind to Toll-like receptors

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10025

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10026

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

NF-κB pathway is activated by:

TNFα and IL-1, released by immune cells in response to infection.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10027

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

NF-κB stimulates expression of several anti-apoptotic proteins, including FLIP, Bcl-XL, A1/Bfl-1, c-IAP, XIAP, TRAF1, and TRAF2.