Polyandrous

In polyandrous mating systems, one female mates with many males.

Honeybees are polyandrous because the queen often mates with multiple males.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Systolic pressure is the highest arterial pressure in the arteries after blood has been ejected from the left ventricle during systole

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

The “blip” in the arterial pressure curve, called the dicrotic notch (or incisura), is produced when the aortic valve closes

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Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Mean arterial pressure is the average pressure in a

complete cardiac cycle and is calculated as follows:

Mean arterial pressure=Diastolic pressure+ 1/3 Pulse pressure

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Mean arterial pressure is not the simple mathematical average of diastolic and systolic pressures.

This is because a greater fraction of each cardiac cycle is spent in diastole than in systole.

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Cardiac cycle  The cardiac events that occur from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next.