ToxA is produced by both Stagonospora nodorum and Pyrenophora tritici‐repentis, which cause glume blotch and tan spot disease, respectively, on wheat (Triticum spp.).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1918

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Generation of antibodies to T-dependent antigens

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1919

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Plasma cell decision point

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1920

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Properties of thymus-dependent and thymus-independent antigens

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1921

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

B cells can be negatively signaled through CD22 and FcγRIIb a receptor that recognizes the presence of IgG containing immune complexes in the blood.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1922

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

B-10 B cells release the interleukin IL-10 upon antigenic stimulation, and may serve to reduce inflammation during an ongoing immune response.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1923

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The term complement refers to a set of serum proteins that cooperates with both the innate and the adaptive immune systems to eliminate blood and tissue pathogens.