Phytopathogenic bacteria reside within the intercellular spaces of plant organs or in the xylem and many damage plant tissues by secreting toxins, extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), or cell wall‐degrading enzymes.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 869

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The efficiency of PCR can be calculated by using Y = X (1+ E)n X is number of templates, E is mean PCR efficiency, n is number is PCR cycle. 

 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1592

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

A regional thickening of cells at the anterior end of the primitive streak

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8553

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8462

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2350

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Planarian flatworms can reproduce asexually by binary fission, during which they split themselves in half.