PHYA is the only gene that encodes a Type I phytochrome and predominantly perceives far-red light.

Phytochrome B predominantly perceives red light

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#Id: 7256

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

B-10 B cells release the interleukin IL-10 upon antigenic stimulation, and may serve to reduce inflammation during an ongoing immune response.

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#Id: 1567

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

The central player in the “canonical” Wnt intracellular signal transduction pathway is called β-catenin.

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#Id: 9766

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Effectors triggers intracellular defense response includes RLK, receptor-like kinase; RLP, receptor-like protein; NBS–LRR, nucleotide binding site–leucine rich repeat

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#Id: 7074

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

 Valyl-tRNA synthetase can sterically exclude isoleucine from its catalytic pocket because isoleucine is larger than valine. In contrast, valine should slip easily into the catalytic pocket of the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. Although both amino acids will fit into the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase amino acid–binding site, interactions with the extra bonding with tyrosine’s OH group. Since no other amino acid resembles tyrosine, the enzyme can do without an editing function

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#Id: 3109

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Replication is unidirectional when a single replication fork is created at an origin.