Pull-down assays using proteins that ONLY bind to the GTP-bound version of the small G-protein can be used to detect when small G proteins like Rac1 have been activated by various growth factors.  You were given two lysates, one having been treated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the other not treated with PDGF. This method is similar to performing co-IPs, so based on that knowledge, which of the following steps is erroneous?

#Question id: 10159

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

The ambient temperature exerts an important influence over Ω and the concentrations of CO2 and O2 around the active site of rubisco. Warmer environments have the effect of;  Find the incorrect one?

#Question id: 10160

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Which of the following statements about the C4 cycle is true ?

a.) C4 plants uses the enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase), rather than rubisco

b.) Unlike rubisco, O2 does not compete with HCO3 − in the carboxylation catalyzed by PEPCase

c.)  initial carboxylation catalyzes in bundle sheath cells, four-carbon acids formed and flow across the diffusion barrier to the mesophyll cells

d.) during decarboxylation, releasing CO2 that is refixed by rubisco via the Calvin–Benson cycle

#Question id: 10161

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

C₄ cycle has been associated with a particular leaf structure, called Kranz anatomy, typical Kranz anatomy exhibits an inner ring of bundle sheath cells around vascular tissues and an outer layer of mesophyll cells. This particular leaf anatomy generates a diffusion barrier that is

 a.) separates the uptake of atmospheric carbon in mesophyll cells from CO2 assimilation by rubisco in bundle sheath cells

 b.) limits the leakage of CO2 from bundle sheath to mesophyll cells

 c.) diffusion gradients—not only between but also within the cells—guide the shuttling of metabolites between the two compartments that operate the C4 cycle

 d.)  Bundle sheath cells surround the vascular tissue, while an outer ring of mesophyll cells is peripheral to the bundle sheath and adjacent to intercellular spaces and the percolates metabolites are transfer to the whole plant cell by vascular tissue

 Find out the correct statements of Krantz anatomy

#Question id: 10162

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Following are certain statements regarding C3, C4 and CAM plants

a.) The atmospheric CO2 assimilates into the single cell C4 cycle diatoms, C4 conc. Is higher at the external side where the C3 conc. Is higher at the internal side where the CO2 assimilation takes place and the transport to the vascular tissue

b.) In mitochondria, two molecules of glycine yield a molecule of serine with the concurrent release of CO2 and NH4+ by the successive action of the glycine decarboxylase complex Only

c.) Plant with the C4 metabolism need less rubisco than C3 plants to achieve a given rate of Photosynthesis

d.) CAM Plant PEP Case only active during the Dark due to its phosphorylation while C4 PEP Case active throughout the day

Which of the following combination from above statements are TRUE?

#Question id: 10163

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

Some statements regarding C2, C3, C4 and CAM plants

a.) For Sucrose synthesis after C2 C3 and C4 cycle having different procedure

b.) C4  cycle reduces occurrence of C2 which is thermodynamically very expensive and toxic by increasing the assimilation of CO2 at high temperature almost at 35⁰ C

c.) C4 plant is generally found in near to equator  and they are more abundant than C3 plant

d.) In Dark when stomata are closed and CO2 not assimilated in the CAM plants

Which of the following statements from above combination is true?

#Question id: 10164

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

C4 photosynthetic carbon cycle is also known as the