Following statements are regarding to enzymatic processing of benzo(a)pyrene to a more potent mutagen and carcinogen.

A. Liver enzymes, particularly P-450 enzymes, modify benzo(a)pyrene in a series of reactions, producing 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide, a highly potent mutagenic species that reacts with DNA primarily at the N2 atom of a guanine base.

B. The adduct, (+)-trans-anti-B(a)P-N2-dG, causes polymerase to insert an A rather than a C opposite the modified G base. Next time the DNA is replicated, a T will be inserted opposite the A, and the mutation will be complete.

C. Potent mutagen majorly causes conversion of guanine (G) to thymine (T) bases, a transition mutation.

D. When this potent mutagen applied to cultured bronchial epithelial cells, activated benzo(a)pyrene induces many mutations, including activating mutations at codons 175, 248, and 273 of the p53 gene.

Which of the following statements are correct?

#Question id: 911

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The correct order for molecular chaperone–mediated protein folding is:

I – exchange of ATP for ADP on chaperone

II – chaperone undergoes conformational change, which affects protein folding

III – chaperone binds to exposed hydrophobic residues on unfolded protein

IV – folded protein is released

#Question id: 912

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Which of the following is correct about the native state of a protein

a. is unaffected by changes in temperature and pH.

b. corresponds to the highest Gibbs free energy state.

c. is determined by its primary amino acid sequence.

d. corresponds to the lowest entropic state.

#Question id: 913

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The appropriate folding of a newly translated product is essential, and continual misfolding often leads to disease, especially in vertebrates. This misfolding, particularly in the situation of prion diseases, may be due to

#Question id: 914

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Lipoprotein lipase acts in:

#Question id: 915

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Free fatty acids in the bloodstream are:

#Question id: 916

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The role of hormone-sensitive triacylglycerol lipase is to: