In order to test how sea urchin sperm bind to eggs, scientists isolated the egg receptor protein that binds to the sperm acrosomal protein called bindin. Plastic beads were coated with egg receptor for bindin (ERB1) from eggs of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, and then the beads mixed with sperm from S. purpuratus or from the related species, S. franciscanus. The researchers counted how many sperm were bound to each bead. The results are shown in the graph below. Treatments:

A: S. purpuratus sperm mixed with S. purpuratus ERB1 beads

B: S. purpuratus sperm mixed with beads containing no ERB1 protein

C: S. franciscanus sperm mixed with S. purpuratus ERB1 beads

D: S. franciscanus sperm mixed with beads containing no ERB1 protein

 Based on the description of the experiment, which of the treatments would be considered a "control" treatment for S. purpuratus sperm binding?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 24560

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Junctional diversity in VDJ recombination during gene rearrangement cause by the addition of,

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 24561

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Complement components can be classified into seven functional categories, representing the Proteins Involved in the Complement System in given table;

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 24562

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Major pathway of complement activation is involved such as

I. Classical pathway

II. Lectin pathway

III. Alternative pathway

These pathway involved

a. proceeds through the activation of a C3 convertase composed of C4b and C2a

b. Involved spontaneous hydrolysis or pathogenic surface

c. part of the adaptive immune response since it begins with the formation of antigen-antibody complexes.

d. Lectin proteins that recognize specific carbohydrate components primarily found on microbial surfaces—PAMP

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 24563

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Which of the following is NOT true for classical pathway of  complement activation?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 24564

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

A one type of nondisjunction leads to regions of tissue with different chromosome constitutions, a condition known as

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 24565

#Unit 8. Inheritance Biology

A particular trait that are determined by autosomal genes and are inherited according to Mendel’s principles, this particular trait has higher penetrance in one of the sexes is known as