TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 8788


A phylogenetic tree is shown for the three domains of life (Eukarya, Archaea, and Bacteria). The tree branches in two directions from the first point, labeled Common ancestor of all life. One branch leads in the direction of Eukarya and Archaea, and the other branch leads to Bacteria. The branch leading to Eukarya and Archaea divide, one branch leading to each domain. The branch leading to Eukarya divides into four branches. One leads to Euglenozoans, and the other three lead to branching points. The first leads to Forams in one direction, and another branching point in the other that leads to Diatoms and Ciliates. The second branching point leads to Red algae in one direction, and a branching point that leads to green algae and land plants in the other direction. The third branching point leads to amoebas in one direction, and a branching point that leads to fungi and animals in the other direction. Land plants, Fungi and Animals are all highlighted.

Examine the figure. If you were a graduate student trying to develop a thesis project that would resolve polytomies, which of the following groups would you study?

#Unit 9. Evolution & Diversity of Life Forms
  1. animals and fungi
  2. euglenozoans, euryarcheotes, and gram-positive bacteria
  3. forams, red algae, and amoebas
  4. red algae, green algae, and cyanobacteria

     

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 20626

#Unit 11. Bioinformatics

Match the items in Group I with Group II with reference to a database search for identifying homologs of human hemoglobin.

Group IGroup II
(P) Sensitivity(1) Measure of how many correct hits are found
(Q) 100% Sensitivity(2) Measure of how many hits found are correct
(R) Specificity(3) Measure indicating that all correct hits are found
(S) 100% Specificity(4) Measure indicating that all hits found are correct

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 20628

#Unit 11. Bioinformatics

Genes or proteins that display the same activity, but have different origins and are the product of convergent evolution, are called:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 20629

#Unit 11. Bioinformatics

Match the type of BLAST programs given in Group I to the particular type of sequence search task described in Group II

Group IGroup II
1. tblastnP. A nucleotide sequence is to be used as a query to search for similar proteins against a nucleotide database
2. tblastxQ. A nucleotide sequence is to be used as a query to search against a protein database
3. blastx
4. blastn

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 20630

#Unit 11. Bioinformatics

In a multiple sequence alignment of homologous protein sequences, a region of multiple insertions and deletions indicates the presence of:

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 20633

#Unit 11. Bioinformatics

A novel protein from a deep sea archaebacterium was identified and sequenced. The sequence is expected to be widely divergent from known sequences. Which scoring
matrix will produce the most appropriate alignment in a search for homologs in the NCBI database?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 20636

#Unit 11. Bioinformatics

Which one of the following is NOT an assumption of an evolutionary model of the PAM matrix?