During ammonium assimilation, requires two enzymes converting ammonium to amino acids. Each of which is Glutamine synthetase (GS), given below some statements about GS ;

a) GS transfers the amide group of glutamine to 2-oxoglutarate, yielding two molecules of glutamate

b) it requires a divalent cation such as Mg2+, Mn2+, or Co2+ as a cofactor

c) Plants contain two classes of GS, one in the cytosol and the other in root plastids or shoot chloroplasts

d) The cytosolic forms are expressed in germinating seeds or in the vascular bundles of roots and shoots and produce glutamate for intercellular nitrogen transport

e) The GS in root plastids generates amide nitrogen for local consumption; the GS in shoot chloroplasts reassimilates photorespiratory NH4+

f) Light and carbohydrate levels alter the expression of the cytosolic forms of the enzyme, but they have little effect on the plastid forms.

Which of the following statements is correct?

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#Question id: 27075

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

As atom "A" approaches, the electrons of atom "B" will be attracted by the positive end of atom "A". As a result, the electrons of atom "B" will migrate to the left side and make the left side slightly negative. This phenomenon can be explained by 

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#Question id: 27076

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Choose the correct statement regarding the Spontaneous dipole - induced dipole interaction 

1. Spontaneous dipole - induced dipole interaction are also known as dispersion or London forces related to orientation effect.

2. The potential energy of an induced dipole-induced dipole interaction is depending on the first ionization energy of the molecule

3. Spontaneous dipole - induced dipole interactions are large networks of intermolecular forces between nonpolar and non-charged molecules and atoms (i.e. alkanes, noble gases, and halogens)

4. In Spontaneous dipole - induced dipole interaction a small increase in the radius, would greatly decrease the potential energy of the interaction.

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#Question id: 27077

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The van der Waals interaction as a function of interatomic distance r (on x axis) which of the following graph is correctly representing the relation between attractive and repulsive region vs interatomic distance r

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 27078

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The combined repulsive and attractive van der Waals terms are described by plots of the potential energy as a function of interatomic separation distance

Which of the following's assumptions can be drawn from given graph related phenomenon

1. As the interatomic distance increases attractive forces act dominantly by the factor of 1/r¹² 

2. As the interatomic distance increases attractive forces act dominantly by the factor of 1/r⁶ 

3. As the interatomic distance decreases repulsive forces act dominantly by the factor of 1/r⁶ 

4. As the interatomic distance decreases repulsive forces act dominantly by the factor of 1/r¹² 

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#Question id: 27079

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

The van der Waals interaction as a function of interatomic distance r, then which of the following equation is correct 

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#Question id: 27080

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Choose the correct statement about Vander-wall interaction  

1. Van der Waals potential (E_vdw) is the sum of all interactions over all atoms

2. Van der Waals potential (E_vdw)  is calculated by

3. This type of interaction is often called a 6–12 interaction, or the Leonard Jones potential.

4. Van der Waals forces are extremely weak, especially when compared with other forces influencing protein conformation