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#Question id: 12186


In 2001, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to three cell cycle scientists. Paul Nurse was recognized for his studies with the fission yeast S. pombe, in particular for the discovery and characterization of the wee1+ gene. What did the characterization of the wee1+ gene tell us about cell cycle control?

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization
  1. The dual-specificity protein kinase Wee1 phosphorylates CDKs on the activatory tyrosine 15.
  2. Yeast cells with a defective wee1+ gene activate S phase CDKs prematurely and hence experience premature entry into DNA replication. 
  3. Fission yeast cells carrying a CDK1 mutation in which the tyrosine 15 residue is replaced by phenylalanine (which is structurally similar to tyrosine but cannot be phosphorylated) show the premature mitotic CDK activation and entry into mitosis.
  4. The dual-specificity protein phosphatase Wee1 dephosphorylates CDKs on the inhibitory tyrosine 15.