1. Alanine is can be mutated to

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M phase Cyclin–CDKs

In human - cyclin A-CDK 1

cyclin B-CDK 1

In budding yeast - CIb 1/2/3/4-Cdc 28

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Cdk1 

=Cdc2 (vertebrates and fission yeast)

= Cdc28  (budding yeast)

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There are three D cyclins in mammals:

cyclins D1, D2, and D3

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In free CDK2, the A-loop blocks access of protein substrates to the γ phosphate of the bound ATP.

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Nonphosphorylated CDK bound to one of its cyclin partners has minimal but detectable protein kinase activity in vitro, although it may be essentially inactive in vivo.