The function of light is to excite a specialized chlorophyll in the reaction centre either by Direct absorption or more frequently, via energy transfer from an antenna pigment, This excitation process can be envisioned as

a.) An electron from the lowest-energy filled orbital of the chlorophyll to the highest-energy unfilled orbital

b.) An electron in the upper orbital is only tightly bound to the chlorophyll and is difficult to fetch the electron nearby molecules

c.)  The electron in the upper orbital is only loosely bound to the chlorophyll and is easily lost if a molecule that can accept the electron is nearby

d.) The promotion of an electron from the highest-energy filled orbital of the chlorophyll to the lowest-energy unfilled orbital

Which combination is CORRECT?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14216

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

The viscosity of fluid decreases with increasing stirrer speed, the fluid would be 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14217

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

In a microbial system how true yields are related to apparent growth yield? 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14218

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

In CSTR system at steady rate  

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14219

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

A waste-water stream of F = 1 m3 /h with substrate at 2000 mg/l is treated in an upflow packed bed containing immobilized bacteria in form of biofilm on small ceramic particles. The effluent substrate level is desired to be 30 mg/l. The rate of substrate removal is given by the following equation

                   

By using the following information, determine the required height of the column (H). k = 0.5 h-1, X = 10 g/l, Ks = 200 mg/l, L = 0.2 mm, α = 100 m2 /m3 , A = 4 m2 , η = 0.8

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TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14220

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

A value of kLa = 30 h^-1 has been determined for a fermenter at its maximum practical agitator rotational speed and with air being sparged at 0.5 l gas/l reactor volume-min. E. coli with a qO2 of 10 mmol O2/g-dry wt-h are to be cultured. The critical dissolved oxygen concentration is 0.2 mg/l. The solubility of oxygen from air in the fermentation broth is 7.3 mg/l at 30⁰C.

What maximum concentration of E. coli can be sustained in this fermenter under aerobic conditions?

TLS Online TPP Program

#Question id: 14221

#Section 5: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology

E. coli have a maximum respiration rate, qO2max, of about 240-mg O2/g-dry wt-h. It is desired to achieve a cell mass of 20 g dry wt/l. The kLa is 120 h-1 in a 1000-l reactor (800 l working volume). A gas stream enriched in oxygen is used (i.e., 80% O2) which gives a value of C* = 28 mg/L. If oxygen becomes limiting, growth and respiration slow; for example,

                                     

   where CL is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the fermenter. What is CL when the cell mass is  at 20 g/l?