Vascular Cambium

The meristematic layer that is responsible for cutting off vascular tissues – xylem and pholem – is called vascular cambium

young stem it is present in patches as a single layer between the xylem and phloem. Later it forms a complete ring

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Bateman’s principle

In most cases, it is the male’s secondary sexual traits that are exaggerated.

This shows that sexual selection is more common and intense on males than females

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Bateman put several males and females together in bottles for several days. 

He concluded that the number of offspring sired by a male increased in proportion to the number of females he mated.

In contrast, the number of offspring produced by a female did not increase with the number of males she mated.

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The outcome of sexual selection is strongly influenced by the operational sex ratio

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Mate choice and benefit

Mate choice increase the reproductive success.

Mate choice is result of sexual selection.

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