Many plants contain mixtures of volatile monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, called essential oils examples- Peppermint, lemon, basil, and sage 

Chief monoterpene constituent of peppermint oil is menthol; that of lemon oil is limonene

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Pyroptosis A form of regulated programmed cell death associated with inflammation, and often associated with infection with intracellular pathogens. Mediated by inflammasome-activated caspase-1.

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NOD1 also provides protection against the intracellular protozoan parasite Trypanosoma  cruzi,

NOD2 activates responses to some viruses, including influenza.

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The AIM2-like receptors (ALRs) are cytosolic receptors that bind DNA molecules from bacteria and viruses.

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Inflammation

Tissue response to infection or damage which serves to eliminate

Classic signs of acute inflammation are heat (calore), pain (dolore), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), and loss of function (functio laesa).

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Inflammatory response

The response includes both localized and systemic effects, consisting of altered patterns of blood flow, an influx of phagocytic and other immune cells, removal of foreign antigens, and healing of the damaged tissue.