The allelic frequency at equilibrium (qˆ) depends on the relative fitnesses (usually expressed as selection coefficients) of the two homozygotes:

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#Id: 1971

#XL - T Zoology

The number alive during an age class can be estimated by the relationship:

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#Id: 5350

#XL - T Zoology

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#Id: 5373

#XL - T Zoology

The mark-recapture technique is that after the tagged animals are released, they mix freely with unmarked individuals. The population is resampled and the numbers of marked and unmarked individuals are recorded. 

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#Id: 10607

#XL - R Botany

Sporophylls and Spore Variations

Sporophylls produce clusters of sporangia known as “sori”

Groups of sporophylls form cone-like structures called “strobili” 

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#XL - R Botany

When gametophytes are retained within original spore case “Endosporic”

eg:  Selaginella, Isoetes, Marsilea