An effector molecule is

made by a pathogen to enhance the pathogen’s colonizing

abilities.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7894

#XL - Q Biochemistry

The mtDNAs of most multicellular animals are approximately 16-kb circular molecules that encode intron-less genes compactly arranged on both DNA strands.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9272

#XL - Q Biochemistry

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9280

#XL - R Botany

The interaction between NFR and SYMRK initiates calcium spiking in the nucleus, presumably via a second messenger molecule.

Core symbiotic genes are activated.

Cytokinin signaling is initiated.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8891

#XL - R Botany

Kinetochores assemble on regions of chromosomal DNA marked by a centromere-specific H3 histone variant called CENP-A.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9182

#XL - T Zoology

Selection coefficient

A related variable is the selection coefficient (s), which is the relative intensity of selection against a  genotype