Laticifers are made of individual cells and can occur either as articulated systems (single cells connected by a small tube) or non-articulated systems (one large syncytial cell).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10017

#XL - T Zoology

In this complex, Ci becomes phosphorylated in a series of steps catalyzed by PKA, GSK3β, and CK1.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10018

#XL - T Zoology

The phosphorylated Ci is proteolytically cleaved by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, generating an N-terminal fragment Ci75, which functions as a transcriptional repressor of Hh target genes.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10019

#XL - T Zoology

Hh binds to Ptc, causing Ptc to be endocytosed from the cell surface and degraded, relieving the inhibition of Smo.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10020

#XL - T Zoology

The C-terminal segment of Smo binds Cos2, and Smo is stabilized from degradation

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10021

#XL - T Zoology

Both Fu and Cos2 become extensively phosphorylated, and Fu-Cos2-Ci complex Dissociates

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10022

#XL - T Zoology

Dissociation of cytosolic complex leads to the stabilization of the full-length Ci, which moves into the

nucleus, displaces the repressor Ci75 from the promoter of target genes, and induces expression of target genes.