Average fitness

In a species, only 1 of every 1000 seeds survives to reproductive age, and that those that survive produce an average of 3000 seeds.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6106

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Thymine dimers cause mutations in two ways. (1) Dimers perturb the structure of DNA double helices and interfere with accurate DNA replication. (2) Errors occur during the cellular processes that repair defects in DNA, such as UV-induced thymine dimers To identify chemicals that are converted into mutagens in the liver, the Ames test treats potential indirect mutagens with a mixture of liver extract

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 10535

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Neurotrophins:

NGF 

Brain derived neurotrophic factor 

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3)

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2420

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Intrinsic terminators—that is, those that do not require auxiliary rho factor (r), as described shortly—require a GC–rich hairpin to form in the secondary structure of the RNA being transcribed.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5916

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 5480

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

ACh is formed from acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) and choline by the action of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase