Facilitation model =  Species are facilitated by previous colonists

Inhibition model =  They are inhibited by the action of previous colonists

Tolerance model  =  They are unaffected by  previous colonists/ New pioneer neither inhibit nor facilitate 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2445

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

The b subunit of RNA polymerase is implicated by two types of mutation. 

First, mutations in the rpoB gene can reduce termination at a rho-dependent site. 

Second, mutations in rpoB can restore the ability to terminate transcription at rho-dependent sites in rho mutant bacteria.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 8477

#Unit 1. Molecules and their Interaction Relevant to Biology

Each single strand of the b-sheet structure can be pictured as a twofold helix, that is, a helix with two residues per turn.

The arrangement of successive amide planes has a pleated appearance due to the tetrahedral nature of the Ca atom.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 3336

#Unit 6. System Physiology – Plant

ATP synthesis kinetics is measured by using Kinetic Isotope Effect (KIE) using radioisotope of oxygen ( O¹⁸ ).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7456

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Phosphorylation of RegA is mediated by sensor histidine kinases/phosphatases which either phosphorylate or dephosphorylate themselves on a histidine residue when a signal molecule binds to their sensor domain.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 9614

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Upon insulin binding, the extracellular domain is converted into a T-shaped conformation that brings the transmembrane domains together.