A phenotypic distribution is determined by genetic and environmental factors.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2850

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In SEC if the analyte is large and completely excluded from the mobile phase within the particle, Kd = 0, whereas, if the analyte is sufficiently small to gain complete access to the inner mobile phase, Kd = 1 where Kd is distribution coefficient.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2851

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) Separation of different size molecules by exclusion chromatography. Large, excluded molecules are eluted first in the void.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2852

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Stationary phases commonly used for exclusion chromatography

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2853

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

Molecular (sub-)structures responsible for interaction with electromagnetic radiation are called chromophores.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2854

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

In proteins, there are three types of chromophores relevant for UV/Vis spectroscopy:

peptide bonds (amide bond);

certain amino acid side chains (mainly tryptophan and tyrosine); and

certain prosthetic groups and coenzymes (e.g. porphyrine groups such as in haem).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 2855

#Unit 13. Methods in Biology

The presence of several conjugated double bonds in organic molecules possess  p ®p* transitions in the UV/Vis range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Such molecules are very useful tools in colorimetric applications.