The SL RNA provides an exon that is connected to the first exon of an mRNA by trans-splicing. The reaction involves the same interactions as nuclear cis splicing but generates a Y-shaped RNA instead of a lariat.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6220

#Unit 12. Applied Biology

Adeno-associated vectors (AAV) Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are a group of small, single-stranded DNA viruses. The insert size for AAV is 4.5 kb, with the advantage of long-term gene expression as they integrate into chromosomal DNA.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 7240

#Unit 5. Developmental Biology

Surface protein on B cell

CR2(CR21)

CD19

TAPA-1(CD81)

mIg 

Igα/ Igβ

(CD79a and CD79B)

TLR

CD40

B7 (CD80/86)

ICAM-1

MHC-1 and 2

CD 22

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#Id: 1746

#Unit 4. Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

IFN-  has been shown to induce expression of the class II transcriptional activator (CIITA).

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6008

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

At the end of the cell cycle, ORC is bound to A–B1 elements of the origin. There is a change during G1 that results from the binding of Cdc6 and Cdt1 proteins to the ORC. 

In yeast, Cdc6 is a highly unstable protein, with a half-life of 5 minutes. It is synthesized during G1 and typically binds to ORC between the exit from mitosis and late G1. Its rapid degradation means that no protein is available later in the cycle.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 6875

#Unit 3. Fundamental Processes

Polycomb or Pc-G proteins do not initiate repression, but they are responsible for maintaining it.