When the potential gradient E is applied, the force F on a molecule bearing a charge of Q  sepreated  by distance d (measured in coulombs) is                  (in newton). 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1515

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Doublet contains one complete 13-protofilament microtubule (A tubule) and one additional tubules (B tubule) consisting of 10 protofilaments.

 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1516

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Triplet contains one complete 13-protofilament microtubule (A tubule) and two additional tubules (B & C tubule) consisting of 10 protofilaments each.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1517

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

All microtubules are nucleated from structures known as microtubule-organizing centers, or MTOCs.

 

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1518

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In MTOCs, 

The (−) end of the microtubule stays anchored in the MTOC while the (+) end extends away from it.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1519

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

In cilia and flagella,

microtubules are assembled from an MTOC called a basal body.

TLS Online TPP Program

#Id: 1520

#Unit 2. Cellular Organization

Two different types of microtubule structures can exist, 

one in the T form bound to GTP 

one in the D form bound to GD