The protocol for RLM-RACE, PPMRACE, and qRT-PCR is rapid, effective, cheap, and can be completed within 2–3 day.

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#Id: 5286

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

When the cholinergic vagal fibers to nodal tissue are stimulated, the membrane becomes hyperpolarized and the slope of the prepotentials is decreased

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Acetylcholine (ACh), released from parasympathetic nerve fibers, activates muscarinic (M2) receptors in the SA node.

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#Id: 5288

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Activation of the M2 receptors decreases cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) in the cells, and this slows the opening of Ca 2+ channels.

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#Id: 5289

#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

βγ subunit of a G protein, open a special set of K + channels. The resulting IKAch slows the depolarizing effect of Ih .

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

 Systemic arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle:

Diastolic pressure

Systolic pressure

Pulse pressure

Mean arterial pressure

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#Unit 7. System Physiology – Animal

Diastolic pressure is the lowest arterial pressure in the arteries during ventricular relaxation when no blood is being ejected from the left ventricle.